Microsoft has announced developers can now access its C libraries on two new platforms. Vcpkg is now available for Linux and macOS, joining its existing support for Windows and UWP.
The OS X frameworks provide the interfaces you need to write software for Mac. Some of these frameworks contain simple sets of interfaces while others contain multiple subframeworks. Where applicable, the tables in this appendix list the key prefixes used by the classes, methods, functions, types, or constants of the framework. You should avoid using any of the specified prefixes in your own symbol names.
System Frameworks
Table A-1 describes the frameworks located in the
/System/Library/Frameworks directory and lists the first version of OS X in which each became available.
OS X contains several umbrella frameworks for major areas of functionality. Umbrella frameworks group several related frameworks into a larger framework that can be included in your project. When writing software, link your project against the umbrella framework; do not try to link directly to any of its subframeworks. The following sections describe the contents of the umbrella frameworks in OS X.
Accelerate Framework
Table A-2 lists the subframeworks of the Accelerate framework (
Accelerate.framework ). If you are developing apps for earlier versions of OS X, vecLib.framework is available as a standalone framework.
Application Services Framework
Table A-3 lists the subframeworks of the Application Services framework (
ApplicationServices.framework ) that are not links to top level frameworks. These frameworks provide C-based interfaces and are intended primarily for Carbon apps, although other programs can use them. The listed frameworks are available in all versions of OS X unless otherwise noted.
Automator Framework
Table A-4 lists the subframeworks of the Automator framework (
Automator.framework ).
Carbon Framework
Table A-5 lists the subframeworks of the Carbon framework (
Carbon.framework ). The listed frameworks are available in all versions of OS X unless otherwise noted.
Core Services Framework
Table A-6 lists the subframeworks of the Core Services framework (
CoreServices.framework ). These frameworks provide C-based interfaces and are intended primarily for Carbon apps, although other programs can use them. The listed frameworks are available in all versions of OS X unless otherwise noted.
Quartz Framework
Table A-7 lists the subframeworks of the Quartz framework (
Quartz.framework ).
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WebKit Framework
Table A-8 lists the subframeworks of the WebKit framework (
WebKit.framework ).
Xcode Frameworks
Xcode and all of its supporting tools and libraries reside in a portable directory structure. This directory structure makes it possible to have multiple versions of Xcode installed on a single system or to have Xcode installed on a portable hard drive that you plug in to your computer when you need to do development. This portability means that the frameworks required by the developer tools are installed in the
<Xcode>/Library/Frameworks directory, where <Xcode> is the path to the Xcode installation directory. Table A-9 lists the frameworks that are located in this directory.
System Libraries
Some specialty libraries at the BSD level are not packaged as frameworks. Instead, OS X includes many dynamic libraries in the
/usr/lib directory and its subdirectories. Dynamic shared libraries are identified by their .dylib extension. Header files for the libraries are located in the /usr/include directory.
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OS X uses symbolic links to point to the most current version of most libraries. When linking to a dynamic shared library, use the symbolic link instead of a link to a specific version of the library. Library versions may change in future versions of OS X. If your software is linked to a specific version, that version might not always be available on the user’s system.
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